Reference tables
Reusable reference tables with units, assumptions and sources. Numerical scenarios are examples, not promised results.
CPM revenue table for explicit impression scenarios
Revenue equals monetized impressions divided by 1,000, multiplied by revenue CPM. At an assumed 1.00 CPM, 100,000 monetized impressions correspond to 100.00 currency units.
CPC budget table by paid click count
Click cost equals paid clicks multiplied by average CPC. At an assumed average CPC of 0.10, 10,000 paid clicks cost 1,000 currency units.
CPA budget table for a defined conversion count
The arithmetic cost associated with conversions equals conversion count multiplied by average CPA. A target CPA is a planning input or bidding target, not a promise that those conversions will be delivered.
Break-even ROAS table by contribution margin
In the simplified model, break-even ROAS equals one divided by the pre-ad contribution-margin fraction. At a 40% contribution margin, revenue must equal 2.5 times ad spend to cover that spend.
Extra sales needed to recover profit after a discount
Required volume multiplier = original margin fraction ÷ (original margin fraction − discount fraction). At a 40% pre-discount contribution margin, a 10% price discount requires 33.33% more units to preserve contribution.
Wilson interval table: the uncertainty behind a conversion rate
An observed 10% conversion rate is less precise with 100 eligible trials than with 10,000. Wilson intervals show sampling uncertainty under a binomial model; they do not prove that an ad variant is better or that future traffic will behave the same way.
HTTP status codes for website checks and integrations
The status code describes the result of an HTTP request. A friendly error page that returns 200 is different from a real 404. Read the code, method and response headers together when testing a website or API.
Cache-Control directives: storage and reuse are different
no-cache permits storage but requires successful validation before reuse. no-store instructs caches not to store the response. max-age sets a freshness lifetime; it is not a guarantee that a cache will retain the object for that long.
Base64 encoded-size table with padding
Standard padded Base64 needs 4 × ceiling(original bytes ÷ 3) characters, excluding line breaks. Three input bytes become four encoded characters; very small inputs can have a larger percentage overhead because of padding.
Aspect-ratio dimensions for images and design canvases
Aspect ratio is width divided by height. To preserve a ratio w:h, height equals width × h ÷ w. A 16:9 canvas at 1,280 pixels wide is 720 pixels high.
GB to GiB: exact storage reference table
A decimal GB contains one billion bytes. Divide that byte count by 1,073,741,824 to express the same quantity in GiB. These are equivalent quantities, not missing storage.
Download times by file size and connection speed
Compare theoretical download durations at 10, 50, 100 and 1,000 Mbps. Every column assumes a constant rate and 100% efficiency; real transfers can take longer.
Video bitrate to file size: 10, 30 and 60 minutes
Estimate decimal MB for common combined audio and video bitrates. At 8 Mbps, ten minutes needs about 600 MB before container overhead.
Uptime percentages and monthly downtime budgets
Translate an uptime target into allowed downtime over exactly 30 days. A 99.9% target permits 43.2 minutes in this fixed period.
Requests per second, minute and day: conversion table
Multiply a steady requests-per-second rate by 60 for a minute or 86,400 for a day. This table compares equivalent sustained rates.
AI token cost: volume and price sensitivity table
Compare hypothetical costs at several rates per million tokens. Prices are editable planning assumptions, not current provider prices. Input and output tokens may have different rates.
AI context budget: reserve space before adding input
Reserve output capacity before filling a context window with input. The table allocates 10% of each example window to output and shows the remaining input ceiling.
Image resolution and uncompressed RGBA memory table
An 8-bit RGBA pixel uses four bytes before row padding and other overhead. Multiply width by height by four to estimate a single uncompressed pixel buffer.
Discount percentages and final prices from a base of 100
A discount subtracts a percentage of the original price. This base-100 table separates the amount saved from the remaining price, so you can scale both to your own amount.
Percentage decrease and the increase needed to recover
After a percentage decrease, the same percentage increase does not restore the original base. A 20% decrease requires a 25% increase on the smaller value.
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